1. until 用法：
1) 瞬间动词用否定： He did not go to sleep until 10.
2) 持续性动词用肯定: He stayed up until 10.
3) Until 提前时，要把not放在句首并倒装：
Not until 10 did he go to sleep.
4) it is/was not until…that…句中，不倒装：
It was not until 10 that he went to sleep.
10. (just) as …, so….: 正如…一样，…也一样。
Just as water is to fish, so is air to human beings (人类)。(用be动词时，"so…"中倒装).
Just as she likes English, so he likes Chinese
上述句型还可变为："…,what…."
Air is to human beings what water is to fish.
He likes Chinese what she likes Egnlish.
2. remember to do sth.表示尚未作，remember doing sth.表示已经作过。
---Please remember to post the letter.
---I remember posting the letter this morning. 我记得我早晨寄的信。
比较：---I remeber his posting the letter this morning. 我记得他早晨寄的信。(考试语法)
---I remember him posting the letter this morning. 我记得他早晨寄的信。(描述语法)
类似的动词有：regret(后悔)， forget.
Mind 则不同，比较：Would you mind opening the door?( 表示尚未作)
3. try to do sth 努力去作…，try doing sth一次又一次地尝试作…
He tried to catch the train, but failed.
They tried interrputing his dreams. 他们一次又一次地（尝试）打断他的梦。
4. as if (though) 的注意点：
按传统语法as if 后面用虚拟语气，按描述语法as if 后面用直陈语气：
I feel as if (though)I were a champion（冠军）.（传统）
I feel as if I (though) am a champion（冠军）.（描述）
13 with +逻辑主语＋逻辑谓语
With the job finished, he went home.
如果去掉"with", 这个结构便成了独立结构，比较：
The job finished, he went home.
14.it is/was likely that…可能……
It is likely that it will rain tomorrow.
15.名词/形容词/分词/副词/动词 + as +主语…: 虽然…(等于although…)
Child as he is, he can play computer very well.
Poor as he is, he is very honest.
Hard as he tried, he did not pass the exam.
Try as he did, he did not become the champion.
比较：
Child as he is, he can play computer very well.(Child 的前面没有"a")
--- Although he is a child , he can play computer very well.
Try as he did, he did not become the champion.
--- Although he tried, he did not become the champion.
16. 部分否定和全部否定：
1) all/ both/ every 或含every的复合词/ always/wholly + not: 部分否定， 不论次序如何：
Everyone is not happy.
Not every one is happy.
上述两句话的意思一样: 不是每个人都高兴。
2)全部否定用： no + 名词或含no的复合词, neither, none等否定词。
Nobody is happy.
+ help + doing
17. 主语＋cannot {
+ but + do
这个结构的意思是： 禁不住，不得不
I cannot help laughing.
I cannot but admire his courage. 我不得不佩服他的勇气
18．There + is /was no + doing
There + is /was no use + doing
There is no telling when the train will arrive.说不上火车什么时候到。
There is no use tring to explain.解释没有用。
比较：There is no use tring to explain.解释没有用。
还可以说成：It is no use tring to explain.解释没有用。
19. …not so much…as… 与其说…不如说…
His success is not so much by talent as by diligence.
他的成功与其说是靠天才勤奋不如说是靠勤奋。
20．…cannot…too/over+do… 无论怎样……都不过分
You cannot begin too early. 你开始得越早越好。
注意: 不是"你不能开始得太早。"
We cannot overestimate the value of education.
我们对于教育的价值怎么重视也不过分。
注意：不是"我们不能过分重视教育的价值。"
21…be the last… 最不……的
That is the last thing I expect him to do.
我最不希望他做那件事。
注意：不是"那是我希望他做的最后一件事。"
He is the last person to do such a thing.
他最不可能做这事。
注意：不是"他是最后做这事的人。"
22．…know better than to do…不至于…
I know better than to quarrel with him. 我不至于和他争吵。
23．否定句，much/still less +do/名词: 更不……
I did not even see him, much less speak to him.
We fear no death, still less difficulties.
24. 1)否定句，to say nothing of/not to speak of/not to mention…
2)否定句，let alone +动词/名词
更不用说……
She cannot read English, let alone speak English.
He could not afford a used car, let alone a new one.
1) 瞬间动词用否定： He did not go to sleep until 10.
2) 持续性动词用肯定: He stayed up until 10.
3) Until 提前时，要把not放在句首并倒装：
Not until 10 did he go to sleep.
4) it is/was not until…that…句中，不倒装：
It was not until 10 that he went to sleep.
10. (just) as …, so….: 正如…一样，…也一样。
Just as water is to fish, so is air to human beings (人类)。(用be动词时，"so…"中倒装).
Just as she likes English, so he likes Chinese
上述句型还可变为："…,what…."
Air is to human beings what water is to fish.
He likes Chinese what she likes Egnlish.
2. remember to do sth.表示尚未作，remember doing sth.表示已经作过。
---Please remember to post the letter.
---I remember posting the letter this morning. 我记得我早晨寄的信。
比较：---I remeber his posting the letter this morning. 我记得他早晨寄的信。(考试语法)
---I remember him posting the letter this morning. 我记得他早晨寄的信。(描述语法)
类似的动词有：regret(后悔)， forget.
Mind 则不同，比较：Would you mind opening the door?( 表示尚未作)
3. try to do sth 努力去作…，try doing sth一次又一次地尝试作…
He tried to catch the train, but failed.
They tried interrputing his dreams. 他们一次又一次地（尝试）打断他的梦。
4. as if (though) 的注意点：
按传统语法as if 后面用虚拟语气，按描述语法as if 后面用直陈语气：
I feel as if (though)I were a champion（冠军）.（传统）
I feel as if I (though) am a champion（冠军）.（描述）
13 with +逻辑主语＋逻辑谓语
With the job finished, he went home.
如果去掉"with", 这个结构便成了独立结构，比较：
The job finished, he went home.
14.it is/was likely that…可能……
It is likely that it will rain tomorrow.
15.名词/形容词/分词/副词/动词 + as +主语…: 虽然…(等于although…)
Child as he is, he can play computer very well.
Poor as he is, he is very honest.
Hard as he tried, he did not pass the exam.
Try as he did, he did not become the champion.
比较：
Child as he is, he can play computer very well.(Child 的前面没有"a")
--- Although he is a child , he can play computer very well.
Try as he did, he did not become the champion.
--- Although he tried, he did not become the champion.
16. 部分否定和全部否定：
1) all/ both/ every 或含every的复合词/ always/wholly + not: 部分否定， 不论次序如何：
Everyone is not happy.
Not every one is happy.
上述两句话的意思一样: 不是每个人都高兴。
2)全部否定用： no + 名词或含no的复合词, neither, none等否定词。
Nobody is happy.
+ help + doing
17. 主语＋cannot {
+ but + do
这个结构的意思是： 禁不住，不得不
I cannot help laughing.
I cannot but admire his courage. 我不得不佩服他的勇气
18．There + is /was no + doing
There + is /was no use + doing
There is no telling when the train will arrive.说不上火车什么时候到。
There is no use tring to explain.解释没有用。
比较：There is no use tring to explain.解释没有用。
还可以说成：It is no use tring to explain.解释没有用。
19. …not so much…as… 与其说…不如说…
His success is not so much by talent as by diligence.
他的成功与其说是靠天才勤奋不如说是靠勤奋。
20．…cannot…too/over+do… 无论怎样……都不过分
You cannot begin too early. 你开始得越早越好。
注意: 不是"你不能开始得太早。"
We cannot overestimate the value of education.
我们对于教育的价值怎么重视也不过分。
注意：不是"我们不能过分重视教育的价值。"
21…be the last… 最不……的
That is the last thing I expect him to do.
我最不希望他做那件事。
注意：不是"那是我希望他做的最后一件事。"
He is the last person to do such a thing.
他最不可能做这事。
注意：不是"他是最后做这事的人。"
22．…know better than to do…不至于…
I know better than to quarrel with him. 我不至于和他争吵。
23．否定句，much/still less +do/名词: 更不……
I did not even see him, much less speak to him.
We fear no death, still less difficulties.
24. 1)否定句，to say nothing of/not to speak of/not to mention…
2)否定句，let alone +动词/名词
更不用说……
She cannot read English, let alone speak English.
He could not afford a used car, let alone a new one.
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