下面是几道 NMET 高考试题:
1 . ? I ’ ll be away on a business trip . Would you mind looking after my cat ?
? Not at all . ______
A . I ’ ve no time B . I ’ d rather not C . I ’ d like it D . I ’ d be happy to
2 . The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street , but his mother told him ______ .
A . not to B . not to do C . not to do it D . do not to ( NMET95 )
3 ? Alice , why didn ’ t you come yesterday ?
? I ______ , but I had an unexpected visitor .
A . had B . would C . was going to D . did
以上三题考查的均是不定式的省略结构,答案分别为D、A、C。不定式的省略结构的常见情况有:
当不定式所表示内容在上文已经出现,为避免重复,总是把不定式里的动词及其后续部分省略,只保留 to,主要分以下几种情况:
※ 当不定式在某些动词后作宾语时,常可省略,常用动词如 like , love , care , hope , wish , expect , prefer , refuse , mean , try , oblige , advise , persuade等。如:
? Do you want to give a talk on that subject ?
? I prefer not to .
You can do it this way if you care to .
? Are you and Jane getting married ?
?We hope to .
但当 want , like 用于从句中时,如在 when , if , what , as 等后,to 也常可省略。如:
Come when you want .
I ’ ve decided to do what I like .
※ 当不定式在句中某些动词后作宾语补足语或作主语补足语时,不定式常省略,常见动词如 ask , tell , advise , force , persuade , wish , allow , permit 等。如:
She wants to come but her parents won ’ t allow her to .
You ’ d better give a performance if they should ask you to / if you should be asked to .
※ 当不定式在某些形容词后作状语时,也可省略,常见形容词如 happy , glad , eager , anxious , willing , ready 等。如:
? Will you join me in a walk ?
? I ’ ll be glad to .
I think he should get a job , but you can ’ t force him to if he ’ s not ready to .
※ 当不定式在某些结构后作复合谓语时,不定式可省略,常见结构如:be able to ,be going to , have to , ought to , uses to 等。如:
I don ’ t want to wait for him but I have to .
He doesn ’ t like fish but he used to .
※ 不定式在某些名词后作定语时可省略,此时 to 也常省略,常见名词如:courage , chance , time 等。如:
He ’ ll never leave home ; he hasn ’ t got the courage ( to ) .
He says he will come as soon as he has got a chance ( to ) .
※ 当被省略的不定式的内容是作助动词用的 have 或 be 的任何形式时,to 后要保留到原形 have 或 be。如:
He didn’ t come , but the ought to have .
Jane is not what she used to be .
1 . ? I ’ ll be away on a business trip . Would you mind looking after my cat ?
? Not at all . ______
A . I ’ ve no time B . I ’ d rather not C . I ’ d like it D . I ’ d be happy to
2 . The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street , but his mother told him ______ .
A . not to B . not to do C . not to do it D . do not to ( NMET95 )
3 ? Alice , why didn ’ t you come yesterday ?
? I ______ , but I had an unexpected visitor .
A . had B . would C . was going to D . did
以上三题考查的均是不定式的省略结构,答案分别为D、A、C。不定式的省略结构的常见情况有:
当不定式所表示内容在上文已经出现,为避免重复,总是把不定式里的动词及其后续部分省略,只保留 to,主要分以下几种情况:
※ 当不定式在某些动词后作宾语时,常可省略,常用动词如 like , love , care , hope , wish , expect , prefer , refuse , mean , try , oblige , advise , persuade等。如:
? Do you want to give a talk on that subject ?
? I prefer not to .
You can do it this way if you care to .
? Are you and Jane getting married ?
?We hope to .
但当 want , like 用于从句中时,如在 when , if , what , as 等后,to 也常可省略。如:
Come when you want .
I ’ ve decided to do what I like .
※ 当不定式在句中某些动词后作宾语补足语或作主语补足语时,不定式常省略,常见动词如 ask , tell , advise , force , persuade , wish , allow , permit 等。如:
She wants to come but her parents won ’ t allow her to .
You ’ d better give a performance if they should ask you to / if you should be asked to .
※ 当不定式在某些形容词后作状语时,也可省略,常见形容词如 happy , glad , eager , anxious , willing , ready 等。如:
? Will you join me in a walk ?
? I ’ ll be glad to .
I think he should get a job , but you can ’ t force him to if he ’ s not ready to .
※ 当不定式在某些结构后作复合谓语时,不定式可省略,常见结构如:be able to ,be going to , have to , ought to , uses to 等。如:
I don ’ t want to wait for him but I have to .
He doesn ’ t like fish but he used to .
※ 不定式在某些名词后作定语时可省略,此时 to 也常省略,常见名词如:courage , chance , time 等。如:
He ’ ll never leave home ; he hasn ’ t got the courage ( to ) .
He says he will come as soon as he has got a chance ( to ) .
※ 当被省略的不定式的内容是作助动词用的 have 或 be 的任何形式时,to 后要保留到原形 have 或 be。如:
He didn’ t come , but the ought to have .
Jane is not what she used to be .
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