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Scientists have found a way to estimate an earthquake's ultimate strength by analyzing the initial seconds of a rupture -- a step that could one day provide early earthquake warning.

Currently, a quake's magnitude -- or how much energy is released is determined after the shaking stops, usually minutes after an event.

But researchers from the University of California, Berkeley, say the measurements of seismic waves soon after a temblor can signal whether it will be a minor or monster temblor.

They say the information could possibly marketing fashion jewelry Masking Tape massage ball Massage Bathtub massage bathtubs   be used in an alert system to give seconds to tens of seconds of advance notice of an impending quake -- enough time for schoolchildren to take cover, power generators to trip off and valves to shut on pipelines. 　

"We're not taking about a massive massage chair massage sofa massage table    amount of time," said Richard Allen, an assistant professor of earth and planetary science, who led the study.

"But one can use our approach to come up with a magnitude before people have felt the ground shaking." Marble Cut Marble Cutter MARC JACOBS Details appear in Thursday's issue of the journal Nature.

　　中文：

　　美国研究人员最近发现了通过分析地震发生之初的前几秒的震波大小，便可以断定出地震最终强度的方法，从而为未来总有一天能够早些提供地震警报迈出了一步。

　　据美联社11月9日报道，目前，地震震级或释放出多少能量只能在地震停止后才能确定。但是，美国加利福尼亚大学的研究人员说，在地震刚刚发生之后产生的震波大小便可显示出这次地震最终是小还是大。

　　这些研究人员说，这一信息可用于警报系统，即提前几秒钟或数十秒钟发出地震已迫在眉睫的警报，从而能有足够的时间使孩子们躲到安全的地方，使电机和管道阀关闭。

　　地球和行星学助理教授理查德-艾伦说：“我们不能争得很长的时间。但是，我们可以利用这一方法使人们在感到地面在晃动之前向他们提供震级的大小。”

　　在这项研究中，艾伦和他的同事们分析了过去几十年在太平洋边缘地带发生的71次较大地震的记录，其中21次地震超过6级。

　　关于这项研究的详细报道，刊登在11月10日出版的英国《自然》杂志上。

太空旅行抑制人体免疫细胞manual slack adjusters manufacture hotel

San Francisco scientists say they've determined why astronauts become sick so easily: Matte inkjet photo paper weightlessness in space prevents some immunity genes from working.

The changes affect the activation of T-cells, a type of white blood cell that helps defend the body against disease, measuring tools Meat Grinder Accessory Meat Protein   newscientist.com reported. Other than weightlessness, the only other situation that severely diminishes T-cell function is HIV infection.

Millie Hughes-Fulford, a medical professor at the University of California-San Francisco, and colleagues subjected human immune mechanical parts medial implement Medical appliances medical bottle   cells to a device that simulates microgravity. The researchers found 91 of 99 genes that activate T-cells to destroy invaders, such as viruses, did not turn on in the simulated microgravity, newscientist.com said.

"There is a specific signal pathway that is not working in the absence of gravity," says Hughes-Fulford. "You're short-circuiting a whole Medical Equipments Medical Machine meeting chair   lot of the immune response -- namely, the ability to proliferate T-cells -- which shouldn't be a surprise, because life evolved in Earth's gravity field."

　　中文：

　　美国旧金山的科学家日前表示，他们已经了解为什么宇航员在太空中那么容易生病了。这是由于太空中的失重状态会抑制宇航员身体中的一些免疫性基因，使其无法工作。

　　据合众社10月17日报道，在研究过程中，美国加州旧金山大学的医学教授米莉·休斯-富尔福德与其同事将人体免疫细胞放入massager massager chair   一个模拟微重力状态的装置中。研究人员发现，在激活T细胞，以使其摧毁“入侵者”（如病毒等）的99种基因中，有91种在微重力环境下无法进入工作状态。T细胞是一种白细胞，它有助于我们的身体免受疾病的侵袭。 　

　　对此，休斯-富尔福德表示，“那儿有一个特殊的信号传导通路，它在无重力的条件下无法发挥作用”。他说，在无重力情况下，MBL Jacket MCP MDCP MDF door 你阻碍了整个免疫响应（也就是让T细胞增生扩散的能力）的进程。而这没什么值得奇怪的，因为生命就是在地球的重力场内得以进化的。

　　报道说，这项研究被发表在最新一期美国实验生物学协会联盟的期刊上。