Elements with the same placement of electrons in their outer sublevels.
| Group | Group Name |
| IA | alkali metals |
| IIA | alkaline earths |
| IIIA | light metals |
| IVA | carbon family |
| VA | nitrogen family |
| VIA | chalcogen (oxygen) family |
| VIIA | halogens |
| VIIIA (0) | noble gases |
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揭示大自然的规律
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