The chemical element having the greatest binding energy per nucleon. The ion Fe+2 displays a diagnostic band at 1
m (while Cu+2 also has a feature near 1
m = 1000 nm, its is generally not present in appreciable amounts). In the Fe+3 ion,all the bands are spin-forbidden, so one might expect weak absorption. Instead, Fe+3 has a sharp band at 440 nm.


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