Metal effects include
1. The smaller the ionic radius, the more stable the complex
2. The larger the oxidation state, the more stable the compound
3. Crystal field effects. Natural order of stability
4. Class a and b metal effects. Hard acids form most stable complexes with hard bases; soft acids with soft bases.
Ligand effects include
1. Ligands with h base strengths (affinities for H+) will form more stable complexes.
2. Chelate effect: multidentate ligands have equal probability of forming a coordination bond as do monodentate ions. Once the bond is formed, however, there is a high likelihood that further bonding will occur.
3. Chelate ring size: 5-membered saturated ligands and 6-membered unsaturated chelate rings form stable complexes
4. Steric strain: large ligands form less stable complexes.
1. The smaller the ionic radius, the more stable the complex
2. The larger the oxidation state, the more stable the compound
3. Crystal field effects. Natural order of stability
4. Class a and b metal effects. Hard acids form most stable complexes with hard bases; soft acids with soft bases.
Ligand effects include
1. Ligands with h base strengths (affinities for H+) will form more stable complexes.
2. Chelate effect: multidentate ligands have equal probability of forming a coordination bond as do monodentate ions. Once the bond is formed, however, there is a high likelihood that further bonding will occur.
3. Chelate ring size: 5-membered saturated ligands and 6-membered unsaturated chelate rings form stable complexes
4. Steric strain: large ligands form less stable complexes.
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