IFLA/FAIFE关于图书馆和知识自由权的声明
IFLA/FAIFE1999年3月24日

IFLA（国际图书馆学会联合会)支持、捍卫和促进联合国世界人权宣言中论及的知识自由权的定义。
IFLA声明人类拥有表达知识、创造思想和智力活动以及公开阐明观点的基本权利。
IFLA确信获知权和言论自由是同一原则的两个方面。获知权利是使思想自由和获取良知的前提；思想和言论的自由则是获取信息自由的必要条件。
IFLA表明履行知识自由使用的义务是图书馆和信息业的主要职责。
IFLA因此而号召图书馆界及工作人员恪守知识自由使用、无条件获取信息、言论自由和尊重读者隐私权的原则。
IFLA敦促各成员围绕了解认识这些原则积极开展活动。鉴于此，IFLA强调：
·图书馆是获取信息及交流思想的场所，并应起到学习知识、启迪思想和发展文化的纽带作用。
·图书馆应该为个人和组织提供终身学习、独立决策和文化发展的基本保证。
·图书馆应该起到发展及维护知识自由的作用，促进捍卫基本的民主价值和世界人权。
·图书馆有责任保证和推动知识传播和智能活动。为此，图书馆采集和收藏反映社会各个方面的信息资料。
·图书馆将确保只基于业务角度考虑馆藏的采选和服务方针，而不受政治、道德和宗教因素的影响。
·图书馆将在获取、加工和传播信息方面拥有自由权，并抵制任何专制行为。
·图书馆读者拥有隐私权和匿名权。图书馆员和馆工作人员不得泄露读者身份以及提供给第三方的资料。
·图书馆将在提供设施和服务方面对读者一视同仁，不得在种族、信仰、性别和年龄方面存在任何歧视行为。
·图书馆将在坚持知识自由使用原则的前提下接受社会赞助和提供信息。
·图书馆员及馆内雇员有义务遵守上述原则。
·图书馆员及图书管理人员将对雇员和读者负责。但在履职过程中双方发生矛盾时，应优先考虑读者的利益。
该声明由IFLA/FAIFE制订，于1999年3月25日在荷兰海牙由IFLA执委会批准。
（程 真辑，杨学仑译）

附原文：
Statement on Libraries and Intellectual Freedom
24 March 1999 by IFLA/FAIFE
IFLA（The International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions） supports, defends and promotes intellectual freedom as defined in the United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights.
IFLA declares that human beings have a fundamental right to access to expressions of knowledge, cre-ative thought and intellectual activity, and to express their views publicly.
IFLA believes that the right to know and freedom of expression are two aspects of the same principle.
The right to know is a requirement for freedom of thought and conscience; freedom of thought and fredom of expression are necessary conditions for freedom of access to information.
IFLA asserts that a commitment to intellectual freedom is a core responsibility for the library and information profession.
IFLA therefore calls upon libraries and library staff to adhere to the principles of intellectual freedom, uninhibited access to information and freedom of expression and to recognize the privacy of library user.
IFLA urges its members activity to promote the acceptance and realization of these principles. In do-ing so, IFLA affirms that:
·Libraries provide access to information, ideas and works of imagination. They serve as gateways to knowledge, thought and culture.
·Libraries provide essential support for lifelong learning, independent decision-making and cultural development for both individuals and groups.
·Libraries contribute to the development and maintenance of intellectual freedom and help to safeguard basic democratic values and universal civil rights.
·Libraries have a responsibility both to guarantee and to facilitate access to expressions of knowledge and intellectual activity. To this end, libraries shall acquire, preserve and make available the widest variety of materials, reflecting the plurality and diversity of society.
·Libraries shall ensure that the selection and availability of library materials and services is governed by professional considerations and not by political, moral and religious views.
·Libraries shall acquire, organize and disseminate freely and oppose any form of censorship.
·Libraries shall make materials facilities and services equally accessible to all users. There shall be no discrimination due to race, creed, gender, age or for any other reason.
·Library users shall have the right to personal privacy and anonymity. Librarians and other library
staff shall not disclose the identity of users or the materials they use to a third party.
·Libraries funded from public sources and to which the public have access shall uphold the princ-
iples of intellectual freedom.
·Librarians and other employees in such libraries have a duty to uphold those principles.
·Librarians and other professional libraries staff shall fulfil their responsibilities both to their employer and to their users. In cases of conflict between those responsibilities, the duty towards the user shall take precedence.
This statement was prepared by IFLA/FAIFE and approved by The Executive Board of IFLA, 25 March 1999, The Hague, Netherlands

-------资料来源：http://www.nlc.gov.cn/disk4/xiezuo/fwc.htm

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